Blockwise

The DES Cipher (Data Encryption Standard) is a symmetric block cipher that encrypts data in 64-bit blocks using a 56-bit key. DES was developed in the 1970s and standardized by the U.S. National Bureau of Standards. It applies 16 rounds of a Feistel network with substitution and permutation steps to securely transform plaintext into ciphertext. While largely replaced by AES for modern security, DES remains an important example of classical symmetric encryption.

The AES Cipher (Advanced Encryption Standard) is a widely used symmetric block cipher designed to securely encrypt data. AES operates on 128-bit blocks using keys of 128, 192, or 256 bits and applies a series of substitution-permutation rounds to transform plaintext into ciphertext. It is a standard encryption algorithm in modern cryptography, replacing older systems like DES and 3DES due to its higher security and efficiency.

The 3DES Cipher (Triple Data Encryption Standard) is a symmetric block cipher that applies the DES algorithm three times to each block of data, significantly increasing security compared to single DES. It operates on fixed-size blocks and uses a key that is internally expanded to 24 bytes. In this implementation, the cipher supports multiple operation modes such as ECB, CBC, CFB, and OFB, along with configurable padding schemes and output formats.

The Blowfish Cipher is a symmetric-key block cipher designed by Bruce Schneier in 1993. It was created as a fast, free alternative to older encryption standards and operates on 64-bit blocks using variable key lengths ranging from 32 bits to 448 bits. Blowfish is known for its speed in software implementations and its flexible key size, making it widely adopted in secure applications for many years.