Hack
Hack, short for Hack Programming Language, was created in 2014 by Facebook engineers, including Julien Verlaguet and Alan Tak, as part of the HipHop Virtual Machine (HHVM) ecosystem. Hack is a statically and gradually typed programming language that extends PHP with type annotations, asynchronous programming support, and advanced features for large-scale web development. It is primarily used in web applications, server-side APIs, and high-performance back-end systems.
Kotlin
Kotlin, short for Kotlin Programming Language, is a modern, statically typed programming language that runs on the Java Virtual Machine (JVM) and also compiles to JavaScript and native binaries. It is widely used for Android app development, backend services, and web applications.