Clojure

Clojure, short for Clojure Programming Language, is a modern, dynamic, functional programming language created by Rich Hickey in 2007 that runs primarily on the Java Virtual Machine (JVM) but also targets ClojureScript for JavaScript and the .NET platform via CLR. Clojure emphasizes immutable data structures and functional programming paradigms. Developers can install Clojure using brew install clojure on macOS or choco install clojure on Windows.

CoffeeScript

CoffeeScript, short for CoffeeScript Programming Language, is a lightweight, compiled language that transcompiles into JavaScript. It was created by Jeremy Ashkenas in 2009 to provide a more readable and concise syntax while maintaining full compatibility with JavaScript. CoffeeScript is primarily used in web applications, Node.js environments, and front-end development.

ColdFusion

ColdFusion, short for ColdFusion Markup Language, was created by Jeremy Allaire in 1995 and originally developed by Allaire Corporation before later acquisitions by Macromedia and Adobe. ColdFusion is a rapid application development platform and scripting language designed for building dynamic, database-driven web applications and server-side services.

Common Lisp

Common Lisp, short for Common Lisp Programming Language, was developed in the early 1980s by the Common Lisp Committee to standardize the divergent Lisp dialects of the time. Common Lisp is a multi-paradigm language supporting functional, procedural, and object-oriented programming, widely used in AI research, symbolic computation, and rapid prototyping.

Crystal

Crystal, short for Crystal Programming Language, was created by Ary Borenszweig, Juan Wajnerman, and Brian Cardiff in 2011. Crystal is a statically typed, compiled language with syntax inspired by Ruby, designed for high performance while maintaining readability and developer productivity.

Cython

Cython, short for Cython Language, was created by Greg Ewing in 2007. Cython is a programming language that makes writing C extensions for Python easier by allowing Python-like syntax with optional static typing for performance. Developers can access Cython through the official site: Cython Downloads, which provides source packages, installation instructions via pip, and documentation for Windows, macOS, and Linux platforms.

D

D, short for D Programming Language, was created by Walter Bright in 1999 and later developed with contributions from Andrei Alexandrescu. D is a general-purpose, high-level systems programming language that combines the performance of C++ with modern programming features such as garbage collection, contract programming, and memory safety.

Dart

Dart, short for Dart Programming Language, was created by Google in 2011. Dart is an object-oriented, class-based programming language used primarily for web, mobile, and server applications. Developers can access Dart through the official site: Dart SDK Downloads, which provides the SDK, documentation, and tools for Windows, macOS, and Linux platforms.

DCL

DCL, short for Digital Command Language, was created by Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC) in 1978 as the primary command language for its VMS operating system. DCL is a scripting and command language used to automate system tasks, manage files, and control processes on VMS and OpenVMS systems.

Object Pascal

Object Pascal, short for Object Pascal Programming Language, was created by Apple Computer and Borland in 1985 as an extension of the Pascal language. Object Pascal is an object-oriented programming language used for desktop applications, rapid application development, and system programming.